Kafa Token na Lissafi Mai Tsayayye: Tsarin Tattalin Arziki da Gudanarwa na Truebit

1. Fara Truebit

Takardar ta fara da bambanta rarrabawar Bitcoin mai daidaito, bisa hakar ma'adinai da matsalolin kafawa da token masu dogaro da kwangila mai hikima kamar Truebit ke fuskanta. Tsarin Bitcoin na "ka samar da kuɗin ka" baya canzawa zuwa tsarin da masu amfani dole su samar da token don ayyuka. Babbar matsalar da aka gano ita ce rarrabawar farko da farashin da ake iya hasashewa don ayyukan lissafi a cikin hanyar sadarwa mai rarrabuwar mulki inda buƙatar irin waɗannan ayyukan a halin yanzu ta yi ƙasa. Manufar ƙira ita ce rage rikici da siyasa ga masu amfani ba tare da yin barazanar tsaro ba, guje wa dogaro ga masu bincike na waje ko nodes masu gata.

2. Kalubalen Token Mai Tsayayye

Marubutan sun yi amfani da kwatankwacin matukin jirgi yana buƙatar ƙayyadadden adadin man fetur, ba man fetur mai tsayayye dangane da USD ba, don kwatanta buƙatar ma'aunin lissafi mai tsayayye. Farashin token masu sauyi zai sa tsarin tsadar aiki ya zama ba zai yiwu ba ga masu bayar da ayyuka (masu warwarewa/masu tabbatarwa). Truebit yana ba da shawarar token mai tsayayye wanda ke mai araha kuma mai zaman kansa daga kuɗin ƙasa (USD), mai yuwuwar alaƙa da farashin wutar lantarki, wanda shine tushen shigar da lissafi.

3. Tsarin Tattalin Arziki & Rarrabawa

Wannan sashe yana magana ne akan matsalar "fara sanyi": yadda ake rarraba token ga masu amfani waɗanda ke buƙatarsu don biyan kuɗin ayyuka.

4. Gudanarwa & Rarrabuwar Mulki

Wani muhimmin mataki don sarrafa ci gaban ƙa'idar da tattalin arzikin token.

5. Nazari na Cibiyar: Tsarin Truebit

Fahimtar Cibiyar: Truebit ba wani mai bincike ko hanyar sadarwar lissafi kawai ba ne; gwaji ne mai tsauri a cikin tushen tattalin arzikin sirri don tsarin yanayi mai tsayayye. Gaskiyar gudunmawar takardar ita ce tsara "token na lissafi mai tsayayye" ba a matsayin maƙalli ga USD ba, amma a matsayin naúrar da aka samo daga ainihin farashin albarkatun da ake sayarwa—zagayowar lissafi, wanda za a iya cewa yana da alaƙa da farashin makamashi ($E$). Wannan yana canza tsarin ƙira daga kwanciyar hankali na kuɗi zuwa kwanciyar hankali dangane da albarkatu.

Matsala ta Hankali: Hujja tana ci gaba daga wani muhimmin matsalar zafi (farashin iskar gas mai sauyi yana karya amfanin dApp, kamar yadda ake gani a cikin sauye-sauyen kasuwar kuɗin Ethereum) zuwa mafita ta ka'ida (token da aka kafa akan albarkatu), sannan zuwa gaskiyar gaskiyar fara aiki (amfani da ruwan kuɗi na ETH), kuma a ƙarshe zuwa dabarun fita don gudanarwa mai tsakiya. Cikakken tsarin ƙira ne na tattalin arziki, mai kama da yadda tsarin kwanciyar hankali na DAI na MakerDAO ke dogara akan matsayin bashi da aka ba da lamuni (CDPs), amma ana amfani da shi ga amfani mara kuɗi.

Ƙarfi & Kurakurai:

• Ƙarfi: Samfurin gudanarwa mai narkewa da kansa yana da tsafta a falsafa kuma yana magance "matsalar wanda ya kafa" kai tsaye. Siffa ce da ya kamata ƙarin ayyukan blockchain su yi la'akari da ita, kamar yadda aka haskaka a cikin bincike daga Cibiyar Binciken Blockchain ta Stanford kan dorewar gudanarwar DAO.
• Ƙarfi: Amfani da ruwan kuɗi na token da ke akwai shine mafita mai tsauri ga matsalar fara sanyi, yana guje wa gubar hakar ma'adinai mai girma kafin fara aiki.
• Kuskure: Takardar tana da haske sosai akan tsarin kwanciyar hankali. Ta yaya algorithm na ƙirƙira/kona yake kiyaye maƙalli zuwa farashin lissafi? An yi wannan ta hannu idan aka kwatanta da ƙaƙƙarfan ka'idar wasa a cikin wasan tabbatarwa na Truebit (kamar yadda aka yi cikakken bayani a cikin takardar farko).
• Kuskure Mai Muhimmanci: Zaton cewa farashin wutar lantarki shine maƙalli mai tsayayye ko na duniya shi ne butulci. Farashin makamashi yana bambanta ta yanki da siyasa. Token da aka kafa akan farashin jumla na Texas zai yi daban sosai da wanda aka kafa akan farashin makamashi mai sabuntawa na Jamus. Wannan ba maƙalli mai tsayayye ba ne; fallasa ne ga wani kasuwa mai sarƙaƙiya daban.

Fahimta Mai Aiki:

1. Ga Masu Gina: Fara aiki ta hanyar token masu ruwa shine ra'ayi mafi dacewa nan da nan. Sabbin L2s ko appchains na iya amfani da wannan azaman samfuri don rarrabawar farko ba tare da ƙaddamar da token ba.
2. Ga Masu Zuba Jari: Bincika tsarin kwanciyar hankali. "Kuɗin tsayayye" ba tare da bayyanannen tsarin kan layi da za a iya tabbatarwa don kiyaye maƙallinsa ba, alama ce ja. Ƙimar Truebit ta dogara ne akan warware wannan.
3. Ga Tsarin Muhalli: Ku lura idan samfurin gudanarwa mai narkewa ya sami karbuwa. Nasararsa na iya matsa wa sauran ayyukan "token na gudanarwa" su ba da hujjar tsarin ikonsu na dindindin. Gwaji na ƙarshe shine ko masu ruwa da tsaki za su ƙare ikonsu da kansu.

A taƙaice, takardar Truebit tsari ne mai ƙarfin hali wanda ya gano daidai babban cikas na tattalin arziki don lissafi mai rarrabuwar mulki—kwanciyar hankali na farashi—amma yana ba da mafita mai ban sha'awa amma bai cika ba. Dabarun fita na gudanarwa ta fi juyin juya hali kuma tana da tasiri fiye da tsarin kwanciyar hankalin da aka ba da shawarar.

6. Zurfin Binciken Fasaha

Yayin da PDF ta mai da hankali kan tattalin arziki, tsaron ƙa'idar Truebit ya dogara ne akan wasan tabbatarwa. Babban ra'ayin fasaha shine na "wasan tabbatarwa mai ma'amala" ko "matakin warware gardama," inda:

1. Mai Bayar da Aiki ya gabatar da lissafi da kuɗi.
2. Masu Warwarewa suna aiwatar da aikin.
3. Masu Tabbatarwa na iya ƙalubalantar sakamakon da ba daidai ba, suna haifar da wasan tabbatarwa mai zagaye da yawa, akan layi wanda ke ƙara rage ma'anar rashin yarda zuwa mataki ɗaya, mai araha don tabbatarwa.

Samfurin token na tattalin arziki yana kan wannan. Siffa mai sauƙi na tsarin token mai tsayayye da ake niyya na iya haɗawa da lanƙwasa haɗin gwiwa ko aikin ƙirƙira wanda ke amsa ga wadatar/buƙatar ayyukan lissafi. Idan farashin naúrar lissafi ta yau da kullun (wanda aka auna a cikin iskar gas ko lokaci) shine $C_{target}$, kuma farashin kasuwa na token Truebit $P_T$ ya karkata, ƙa'idar na iya ƙirƙira/kone token ko daidaita kuɗin aiki don dawo da ingantaccen farashi zuwa $C_{target}$. A hukumance, manufar ita ce kiyayewa: $$\text{Ingantaccen Farashi kowace Naúrar Lissafi} = \frac{P_T \times F}{G} \approx C_{target}$$ inda $F$ shine kuɗin a cikin token kuma $G$ shine iskar gas/lokacin da aka cinye. Ƙa'idar za ta daidaita $F$ ko jimlar wadatar token don gamsar da wannan daidaito.

Sakamako na Hasashe & Bayanin Ginshiƙi: Cikakken aiwatarwa zai nuna ginshiƙi tare da layi biyu akan lokaci: 1) Farashin kasuwa na token Truebit ($P_T$), mai yiwuwa yana nuna sauyi. 2) Ingantaccen farashin gudanar da daidaitaccen aikin lissafi akan hanyar sadarwa, wanda aka keɓe a cikin ma'anar tsayayye kamar USD ko ETH. Babban sakamakon zai kasance cewa Layi na 2 ya kasance a cikin ƙunƙuntaccen bandeji a kusa da $C_{target}$, duk da sauyin Layi na 1, yana nuna ingancin tsarin kwanciyar hankali. Ginshiƙin zai haɗa da lokutan gwajin damuwa na farashin iskar gas mai yawa na Ethereum ko sauyi mai yawa a cikin kasuwannin sirri.

7. Tsarin Nazari & Nazarin Lamari

Tsarin don Kimanta Ƙa'idodin Lissafi Mai Rarrabuwar Mulki:

1. Tsaron Tattalin Arziki: Shin an daidaita abubuwan ƙarfafawa don tabbatar da lissafi na gaskiya? (Truebit yana amfani da wasan tabbatarwarsa).
2. Kwanciyar Hankali na Farashi: Shin masu amfani za su iya hasashen farashi? (Wannan shine abin da PDF ta mai da hankali akan samfurin token).
3. Yiwuwar Fara Aiki: Ta yaya hanyar sadarwa ta cimma ruwa da amfani na farko? (Amfani da token da ke akwai).
4. Dorewar Gudanarwa: Shin gudanarwa yana karkata zuwa rarrabuwar mulki ko ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'ida? (Samfurin narkewa).

Nazarin Lamari: Aiwatar da Tsarin ga Truebit vs. Chainlink

• Chainlink (Mai Bincike): Yana mai da hankali kan tsaron ciyarwar bayanai. Kudinsa shine kuɗin iskar gas na LINK, waɗanda ke da sauyi. Fara aiki ya haɗa da hakar ma'adinai kafin fara aiki da kyaututtukan tsarin muhalli. Gudanarwa yana haɓakawa ta hanyar saka hannun jari da shawarwarin al'umma. Hukunci: Mai ƙarfi akan tsaro, mai rauni akan kwanciyar hankali na farashi na asali don tambayoyin bayanai.
• Truebit (Lissafi): Yana mai da hankali kan lissafi mai tabbatarwa. Samfurinsa da aka ba da shawarar yana kai hari kai tsaye ga kwanciyar hankali na farashi ta hanyar keɓaɓɓen token. Tsarin fara aiki yana guje wa hakar ma'adinai na gargajiya kafin fara aiki. Gudanarwa yana da ƙayyadadden yanayin ƙarshe. Hukunci: Ƙira mai buri da aka yi niyya ga kwanciyar hankali da tsarkakakken rarrabuwar mulki, ko da yake yana cinikin wasu sauƙi na farko.

8. Ayyukan Gaba & Taswirar Tafiya

Cikakken aiwatar da token na lissafi mai tsayayye, mai rarrabuwar mulki zai buɗe iyakoki da yawa:

• Aiwatar da Kwangila Mai Hikima Mai Girma: Za a iya aiwatar da dabarun dApp masu sarƙaƙi a waje da sakamako masu tabbatarwa, haɓaka blockchains kamar Ethereum ba tare da yin barazanar tsaro ba.
• Koyon Injin Mai Rarrabuwar Mulki: Horar da samfuri da ƙididdigewa na iya zama ayyukan haya akan blockchain, tare da daidaiton daidaito. Wannan ya yi daidai da ƙaddamarwar bincike kamar waɗanda Ƙungiyar AI Mai Rarrabuwar Mulki ke yi.
• Ayyukan Dogon Lokaci & Wasanni: Wasannin da suka dogara da blockchain ko simintin gyare-gyare waɗanda ke buƙatar lissafi mai nauyi, ci gaba da iya zama mai yiwuwa.
• Hanyoyin Sarrafa Bayanai Masu Tabbatarwa: Hanyoyin ETL (Cire, Canza, Loda) marasa aminci don DeFi ko DAOs.

Hanyoyin Ci Gaba na Gaba:

1. Ƙayyadaddun Ƙa'idar Tsarin Kwanciyar Hankali: Mataki na gaba mai mahimmanci shine cikakken bayani game da algorithm na ƙirƙira/kona/daidaita kuɗi tare da tabbataccen hujjoji na kaddarorin kwanciyar hankalinsa a ƙarƙashin yanayin kasuwa daban-daban.
2. Samfuran Kwanciyar Hankali na Haɗakaɗɗu: Bincika idan kwanciyar hankali na token na iya zama aikin nauyi na duka farashin albarkatun lissafi (wutar lantarki) da kwandon kadarorin sirri don ƙarfi.
3. Lissafi mai Ketare Zaren: Ƙara ƙa'idar don zama marar la'akari da blockchain, yana ba da damar ayyukan lissafi a samo su kuma a tabbatar da su a cikin tsarin muhalli da yawa.

9. Nassoshi

1. Teutsch, J., & Reitwießner, C. (2017). A Scalable Verification Solution for Blockchains. Truebit Whitepaper.
2. Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.
3. Buterin, V. (2014). Ethereum: A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform.
4. Zhu, J., Park, T., Isola, P., & Efros, A.A. (2017). Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). [Nassoshi na waje don ra'ayoyin tabbatarwa na adawa]
5. Stanford Blockchain Research Center. (2023). Governance in Decentralized Autonomous Organizations. https://cbr.stanford.edu/
6. MakerDAO. (2020). The Maker Protocol: MakerDAO's Multi-Collateral Dai (MCD) System. [Nassoshi na waje don ƙirar tsarin kwanciyar hankali]
7. Decentralized AI Alliance. (2023). Research Roadmap for On-Chain Machine Learning. https://daia.foundation/